Please note that a BioOne web account does not automatically grant access to full-text content. With a personal account, you can read up to 100 articles each month for free. 0000001364 00000 n
[13] In Germany, Austria and Switzerland pesticides (e.g. This page was last edited on 9 August 2020, at 14:19. 4 0 obj
Select the purchase [6], Isoproturon is a colorless, odorless, flammable solid that is sparingly soluble in water. 0000004189 00000 n
The newly registered postemergence herbicides were applied with the same equipment and in the same fashion. 0
Preparations containing isoproturon were approved in all EU member states except Denmark and Finland. Weed Technology publishes original research and scholarship focused on understanding "how" weeds are managed. The workshops focused on teaching the participants how to use and fabricate multiple-nozzle booms, the importance of flat-fan nozzles, calibration, drift avoidance, and applicator safety. Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as n-phenylureas. Herbicides used in rice and wheat before 1998 were generally mixed with sand or urea and were applied by hand. guq-+b&xj`(%i_sg54^L>$IZYqJ$u5b;y}67E}DK^*x?-o=+5+T 0000000016 00000 n
Environ Health Perspect. Many of these journals are the leading academic publications in their fields and together they form one of the most valuable and comprehensive bodies of research available today.
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HUMs0+toNz4cfz:Ckwu|@F>wUtEwYA?|0 #%m# Access supplemental materials and multimedia. As such, it is focused on more applied aspects concerning the management of weeds. (Rn! 0000002640 00000 n
Isoproturon is shown to be very toxic for algae and oysters which experience acute toxicity at concentrations above 13 g/l and 370 g/l respectively.
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For more information, visit http://journals.cambridge.org. [1] It is preferred as a herbicide for winter wheat, winter barley, rye, spring barley and spring wheat against weed grasses ( field foxtail grass , common windstalk , various bluegrass, as well as chamomile and chickweed ) (each as pre- and post-emergence herbicide). After the revocation, a sell-off period for stocks was valid until March 30, 2017 and a use-by period until September 30, 2017.
Cambridge Journals publishes over 250 peer-reviewed academic journals across a wide range of subject areas, in print and online.
isoproturon belongs to the class of organic compounds known as n-phenylureas. Cambridge University Press is committed by its charter to disseminate knowledge as widely as possible across the globe. 44 0 obj<>stream
Applicators walked through the fields, swinging the wands in sweeping motions resulting in uneven pesticide distribution and overapplication. The R biotypes were from areas where isoproturon had been used continuously for more than 10 yr in wheat under a continuous ricewheat cropping system. Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on isoproturon. N-phenylureas are compounds containing a N-phenylurea moiety, which is structurally characterized by a phenyl group linked to one nitrogen atom of a urea group. After these applications, control of littleseed canarygrass was strikingly inconsistent, and the growers blamed the lack of control on the manufacturers.
It was later clear that basic understanding of the application techniques was lacking. Epub 2019 Sep 26. Long term exposure to concentrations above 1 mg/l might affect the growth of fishes, acute toxicity occurs at concentrations above 18 mg/l[5]. Pot studies indicated that 6 out of the 10 biotypes tested were resistant to isoproturon. Based on this study, the absence of resistance when herbicides and crops were rotated indicates that growers should follow herbicide and crop rotation in order to avoid development of herbicide resistance in the near future.
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Isoproturon has a low tendency to adsorb to soils and is therefore quite able to enter in water bodies despite its rather low water solubility (70,2 mg/l). 0000004740 00000 n
The integration of this system (crop and herbicide rotation) with cultural and mechanical means of weed control could be further targeted as a long-term strategy for resistance management. %
Nomenclature: CGA 184927 (proposed common name, clodinafop), 2-propynyl-(R)-2-[4-(5-chloro-3-fluoro-2-pyridyloxy)phenoxy]propionate; fenoxaprop-p-ethyl; ICIA 0604 (proposed common name, tralkoxydim), 2-[1-(ethoxyimino)propyl]-3-hydroxy-5-(2,4,6-trimethyl phenyl)cyclohex-2-enone; MON 37503 (proposed common name, sulfosulfuron), 1-(2-ethylsulfonylimidazol[1,2-a]pyridin-3-ylsulfonyl)-3-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)urea; littleseed canarygrass, Phalaris minor Retz #3 PHAMI; rice, Oryza sativa L.; wheat, Triticum aestivum L. Additional index words: Biotype, competition, cross-resistance, germination, herbicide resistance. $O M}54%@I!x_C2A`?. We can help you reset your password using the email address linked to your BioOne Complete account. In response to this, an application training workshop was organized and conducted in India and Nepal in 2000. This will count as one of your downloads. Isoproturon mainly enters the environment during its application as an agricultural herbicide, but releases may also occur during manufacture, transportation and storage[2]. Cambridge University Press (www.cambridge.org) is the publishing division of the University of Cambridge, one of the worlds leading research institutions and winner of 81 Nobel Prizes. Quantitative metabolomics services for biomarker discovery and validation. Among the herbicides tested, MON 37503 at 25 g ai/ha was the best because of complex weed flora control and produced wheat yield similar to that of the weed-free control.
[16], Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 26 November 2020, at 15:23. The herbicides observed to be effective in wheat against isoproturon-resistant littleseed canarygrass were CGA 184927 (50 to 60 g ai/ha), fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (100 to 120 g/ha), ICIA 0604 (350 g ai/ha), and MON 37503 (25 g ai/ha). 3 0 obj
Specializing in ready to use metabolomics kits. This item is part of a JSTOR Collection.
The resistant (R) biotypes had 50% growth reduction values, 5 to 10 times greater than that of the most susceptible biotype. [7], Isoproturon is used as an active ingredient in crop protection products. under the trade names Arelon and Azur). <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>>
Read your article online and download the PDF from your email or your account. Contact, Password Requirements: Minimum 8 characters, must include as least one uppercase, one lowercase letter, and one number or permitted symbol, Access Institutional Sign In via Shibboleth or OpenAthens, https://doi.org/10.1614/0890-037X(2002)016[0116:IRLCPM]2.0.CO;2.
[7], Isoproturon was in the GDR between 1980 and 1994 and has been approved in the FRG since 1975. N-phenylureas are compounds containing a N-phenylurea moiety, which is structurally characterized by a phenyl group linked to one nitrogen atom of a urea group. Neither BioOne nor the owners and publishers of the content make, and they explicitly disclaim, any express or implied representations or warranties of any kind, including, without limitation, representations and warranties as to the functionality of the translation feature or the accuracy or completeness of the translations. endobj
It decomposes when heated. Translations are not retained in our system. Check out using a credit card or bank account with. 0000001784 00000 n
This functionality is provided solely for your convenience and is in no way intended to replace human translation. [8] With effect from the beginning of 2003, isoproturon was approved for use as a herbicide in the European Union . [. Although simplistic, and adoption of this technology will significantly decrease the amounts of herbicides applied and will increase efficacy and efficiency. [14]The approval of plant protection products with this active ingredient was revoked in Germany on September 30, 2016. %PDF-1.4
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[15] After the revocation, there is a sell-off period for stocks until March 30, 2017 and a use-by period until September 30, 2017. fyOO1*u10l+JXY(1$@LiRgU!ST_ODCyCqe1q 0
Isoproturon can be obtained from cumene by nitration in the para position, reduction to 4-isopropylaniline , reaction with phosgene to form 4-isopropylphenyl isocyanate and its subsequent reaction with dimethylamine . 0000001258 00000 n
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The participants were unanimously enthusiastic about the value of the workshops. Request Permissions, R. R. Bellinder, A. J. Miller, R. K. Malik, J. D. Ranjit, P. R. Hobbs, L. S. Brar, G. Singh, S. Singh and A. Yadev, Read Online (Free) relies on page scans, which are not currently available to screen readers. 2 For quantification of resistance, 10 littleseed canarygrass biotypes were collected from fields with a varied history of cropping and herbicide use. %PDF-1.5
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Isoproturon is used little or not at all for spring barley and oats, potatoes, rapeseed, sugar beet or corn. In fresh water, concentrations of 0,125 g/l have been recorded[3]. i\R.w4*O?d^@'3~W=C%&&qAjxv04618~e:6&4ecm|u}y{l6KEg=gFX$V^T73W.k_h8Rx'q{ 2BGXK$C0DS=fi]'{!>1
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Your source for quantitative metabolomics technologies and bioinformatics. For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions Littleseed canarygrass, a troublesome wheat weed, has developed resistance against isoproturon in India. 2002 Cambridge University Press This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: N'-(4-(1-methylethyl)phenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea, 3,3-dimethyl-1-[4-(propan-2-yl)phenyl]urea. 0000003572 00000 n
You have requested a machine translation of selected content from our databases. [9] With the exception of Denmark and Finland, preparations containing isoproturon were approved in all EU member states and Switzerland (e.g. <]>>
Isoproturon is a chemical compound from the group of urea derivatives . 0000004461 00000 n
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3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylharnstoff. It publishes over 2,500 books a year for distribution in more than 200 countries. [11] [12] It was regularly detected in German and Dutch rivers in the years 2000 to 2002. You will have access to both the presentation and article (if available). 2019 Sep;127(9):97008. doi: 10.1289/EHP4713. Foliar pesticide spray applications consisted primarily of insecticides and fungicides that were applied to high-value crops. To access this article, please, Access everything in the JPASS collection, Download up to 10 article PDFs to save and keep, Download up to 120 article PDFs to save and keep. 0000002865 00000 n
These pesticides were often sprayed to runoff with backpack sprayers that were equipped with single hollow-cone or flood nozzles. [10], After the European Commission decided not to extend the approval for isoproturon as a plant protection product, which ended on June 30, 2016, the approval in Germany was revoked on September 30, 2016. <>
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Due to its low affinity for organic matter it is not expected to have a high tendency towards bioaccumulation or biomagnification.
Under field conditions, postemergence isoproturon at 1,000 g/ha 32 d after sowing failed to control littleseed canarygrass and as a result wheat grain yield decreased by 65% compared with the weed-free control. L>j1~9zhi}
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Significant bioaccumulation might however occur in certain species[4].
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